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Table 2 Heart rate variability (HRV) parameters across training conditions

From: Innovative approaches to pericardiocentesis training: a comparative study of 3D-printed and virtual reality simulation models

Parameter

Baseline (mean ± SD)

VR (mean ± SD)

Mannequin (mean ± SD)

Chi-square

p

Adjusted p

rMSSD

88.92 (72.58)

91.81 (85.38)

155.42 (375.80)

2.36

0.267

0.274

pNN20

54.89 (19.37)

47.22 (18.89)

45.78 (20.04)

7.393

0.025

0.041

pNN50

23.75 (20.05)

18.03 (18.89)

21.19 (21.79)

9.435

0.009

0.017

SD1/SD2 ratio

0.407 (0.16)

0.465 (0.20)

0.519 (0.20)

14.157

0.001

0.005

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Advances in Simulation

ISSN: 2059-0628

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